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Background: Chronic gastritis is a histopathological entity characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa, which may lead to metaplasia, dysplasia and even gastric cancer. The most frequent etiology of this disease is Hp. Pathological characteristics are different among Hp infected patients. We seek to investigate the role of Hp’s genotypes in determining the severity of chronic gastritis Objectives: 1. To determine the rate of CagA, VacA genotypes by Multiplex PCR method in Hp (+) chronic gastritis patients. 2. To assess the relationship between those genes and some histopathological characteristics. Patients: 51 chronic gastritis patients diagnosed by histopathological examination on endoscopic biopsy samples from June 2011 to August 2012 at Hue University Hospital were enrolled. Method: Six biopsy samples were obtained in antral and corpus, including: 2 samples for the urease rapid test; 2 samples for histopathological examination, 2 samples for PCR if urease test (+) to determine CagA gene, VacA genotypes. Results: The rate of CagA(+) was 45.1%, 100% VacA(+). VacA genotypes included: s1m1 (49%), s1m2 (47.1%), s1m1m2 (3.9%); no cases had an s2 subtype. The CagA(+) rate in the group with mild inflammation was lower than in groups with moderate and severe inflammation (28.6 & 51.4%). The distributions of VacA s1m1 and VacA s1m2 genotypes in the mild inflammation group were 42.6% & 50% respectively, and 58.3% & 41.7% in the severe group. Conclusions: There are some similarities in the results of CagA and VacA genotypes, as well as the relationships between these genes and histopathological characteristics. However, some data was still different in comparison with other international studies.

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