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Introduction: Common bile duct stones are associated in 10% to 15% of patients with gallstones. The advance of endoscopic techniques has changed surgery in regards to management of gallstones associated with common bile duct stones. This has created a dilemma in the management of common bile duct stones. Today, a number of options exist, including endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) before laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones, laparoscopic cholecystectomy and choledocotomy. Objectives: The aim of this work was to assess the treatment of gallstones associated with common bile duct stones (CBDS) by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP+ES) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Patients and methods: This study was performed on 31 patients with gall stones associated with common bile duct stones diagnosed by ultrasound at Hue Central Hospital. They were treated by ERCP+SE prior to LC, immediately or after an interval. The episode of surgery, surgical operating time, surgical success rate, postoperative complications, and postoperative length of hospital stay were assessed. Results: 21 females and 10 males were part of the study, with mean age 63.64 (SD=13.18; range = 38 - 81) years old. All patients were confirmed to have gallstones and CBDS by preoperative ultrasound. All patients were prepared for ERCP and LC in one session. However, in only10 patients (32.3 %) was ERCP and LC performed in single step. ERCP with ES was performed successfully in 31 patients and stones were extracted endoscopically. One patient suffered from open cholecystectomy due to necrotic cholecystitis 2 days after ERCP. 21 patients (77,7%) received LC 2-3 days after ERCP. Cholecystectomy was completed laparoscopically in 30 of 31 patients (96.8%). The mean time of ERCP was 35.15± 15.20 min. The mean time of LC was 45.10 ± 25 minutes. There was no intra-operative complications related to ERCP together with LC recorded. However, one post-operative complication for LC was encountered. Patients were discharged after a mean post operative hospital stay of 5.15 ± 2.3 days. None of the patients presented on postoperative follow-up with symptoms, signs, laboratory or radiological evidence of retained CBDS. The mean duration of the postoperative follow-up was 16.8+4.45 months (ranging from 2 to 24 months). Conclusions: The current study suggests that ERCP combined with LC for the management of cholecysto-choledocholithiasis was a safe and effective technique. It offered another alternative for surgeons, especially those who did not practice LCBDE to treat patients. However, additional studies with larger patient populations are needed and should keep in mind the proximity and availability of endoscopic settings, which were limiting characteristics in this study.

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